Anti
Lillak is a Tartu, Estonia based musician, archeologist, historian, and God of
stage aggression. He is a vocalist and guitarist who plays in the
bands Langenu, Ulguränd, Swarn, and a long slew of acoustic and folk
acts. He is an OG member of the inner circle of the Tartu-based
collective of bands, musicians, and artists known as "Pergerus"
and is a key figure in the Tartu metal scene.
Vödkamizer:
You have a long history of education and work in archaeology and
history, currently working as a museum educator in Tartu's "Eesti
Rahva Muuseum" (Estonian National Museum). What kind of impact
has this had on your approach to songwriting in your bands and your
roles in the Tartu metal scene? How has your education affected your
view on the evolution of the local (Estonia in general) metal scene?
Anti:
One thing that my studies in archaeology and history have helped to
clarify to myself is a critical viewpoint on the past. Every time
period, no matter how glorious it may look in retrospect, has had its
nasty aspects that people tend to forget. Let’s take the
Viking
Age as an example. Although we know the courageous deeds of the
heroes from the sagas and poems, these were also times of regular
famines and plagues that ravished the people – including the much
adored warriors and their families. In addition, we probably would be
shocked by their attitudes on hygiene, justice etc. etc. We live in a
very different world nowadays.
This
is reflected on my lyrical themes too, especially in Ulguränd –
although a Viking metal band, we sing not so much about victorious
battles or drinking mead. It has been done countless times before
anyway. We do focus on historical or mythological events (especially
very kick ass ones) but mostly from the perspective of ordinary
people made of flesh and blood, hopes and feelings.
Another
important thing that history has taught me is that in order to be
remembered, someone needs to write things down. There will be time
when we all have left the stage for good and what kind of legacy have
we left behind by then, depends merely on ourselves. Drowning in
nostalgia for the things that once were is sweet but pretty
fruitless. Better let’s make present as foken awesome as Earthly
possible. So I have done a few things to record our part of the
history of the Estonian metal – namely published two volumes of an
underground magazine, TAUD (’Plague’), which contain interviews
with the local bands and yearly chronicles. Maybe one day when the
galaxies are right, I will start compiling a wider picture about the
Tartu metal scene or the Estonian black metal scene in general but so
far they’re just vague ideas. We’ll see what the time brings.
Vödkamizer:
What are some particularly influential parts of Estonian history that
you personally find have had the biggest influence on your own music
and others in the Estonian metal scene?
Anti:
If we look back to the different time periods of history then there’s
one that has inspired the Estonian metal bands more than anything
else – the Viking Age and the Final Iron Age, including the events
of the German-Danish Crusade in the early 13th century. Almost all
our pagan metal movement draws inspiration predominantly from this
epoch. The roots of the phenomenon lie in our national romantic
history writing of the late 19th and most of the 20th century which
praised the independence of our distant ancestors, compared to the
subordination to the German nobility and Christian church in the
medieval times. Not only historians but also artists, writers,
composers and other intellectuals glorified these times in their
works. In this way, main Estonian pagan metal bands (both present and
past) – Tharaphita, Bestia, Assamalla etc. – continue the
tradition that was started by the first Estonian intellectuals in
the 19th century. And I understand the charm of the past – I was
fascinated with the Viking Age during my studies at the Tartu
University, too. That’s why Ulguränd can also be included in this
list of bands. But as hinted before, I am in a constant search for a fresh and personal approach to these topics.
Another
time period which has also poured inspiration into metal is the
restless first half of the 20th century. Especially Loits, who began
with classical pagan metal themes like several other bands at the
time, soon turned their head to the World War II and later to the
Estonian War of Independence. At the same time, these topics have not
become as common among other metal bands as the old prehistoric
stuff, although the 20th century military history in general is very
popular among the Estonians.
Vödkamizer:
Tartu has experienced "droughts" over the years in terms of
concerts, with either a lack of variety in venues, bands, audience,
organizers/promoters, or all in various combinations over the years.
What are your views on the current trajectory of the Tartu scene, the
Estonian scene over all, and how do they compare to years gone by?
Anti:
„Droughts“ are something essential for the small scenes. Since
many activities rely on just a few persons, the overall music scene
suffers a setback if they can’t carry on anymore for whatever the
reason. The situation is very similar to fragile ecological systems
where every species has a special place in a whole and its
disappearance may change the entire system in a big way. Luckily, I
think Tartu has a critical mass needed to maintain its metal scene in one way or another, even if bands, venues and organizers come and go.
The position of a university town helps a lot – every autumn many
young people from near and far invade Tartu in the name of higher
education, thus helping to fill the ranks of the metal legions among
other scenes.
These
days the Tartu metal community is quite healthy, maybe even healthier
than ever before (although I know little about the life in the 90s).
We have regular shows (even in the year infamous for the lockdowns),
the number of bands is growing and the releases keep popping out one
by one. Fresh blood was much needed, it increased the number of
activities and gave new energy to older metalheads as well. Of course,
it has been achieved by conscious work to strengthen the position of
extreme metal in Tartu and elsewhere. And this work will be
continued.
I
think that the existence of numerous bands in Estonia is the proof
for the rather strong positions in Estonia in general, even though
2020 was a very difficult year for the concert organizers (with some
venues being closed in the last couple of years – so the virus is
not the only one to be blamed).
Vödkamizer:
The newest band you sing in is the crusty death metal band "Swarn"
who has released a demo, three singles, an EP and an album since 2017
in contrast to your older bands, Langenu and Ulguränd, which together
have released so far only a demo, an EP, and
an album,
Langenu forming with its current name in 2004 and Ulguränd in 2011.
Could you elaborate on the pacing of your older two bands in
comparison with Swarn and the plans you have for future releases?
Anti:
Langenu has released a EP „Silmitu ilmutis“ (2009) and a
full-length „Need, kes näevad imesid“ (2016), Ulguränd has a
self-titled EP out (2019). So yes, if taken into account the life
spans of Langenu and Ulguränd then we have been very slow paced.
There are several reasons behind this, including line-up changes and
the fact that these bands mostly write songs as teams where every
member has a chance to throw something interesting in. The writing
and recording process of Swarn is very different – all the
instrumental parts are written, recorded/programmed and
mixed/mastered by Fen (Tiit) alone and my duties mostly focus on
writing/recording the lyrics. This is the secret of the Swarn’s
fast pace.
All
my bands are in the recording process right now. Langenu will have an
EP out hopefully not in a distant future (be ready for musical
surprises…). Swarn has already recorded most of its second
full-length album, it will probably be out in spring. Ulguränd has
started recording demo versions of the songs for the debut album and
we will head to studio maybe in summer or so.
Langenu circa 2008
Vödkamizer:
Swarn's lyrics are primarily in English if not entirely, to my
knowledge, whereas Langenu's and Ulguränd's lyrics are in your
native language of Estonian. How has it been to sing in English for
you in contrast to your mother tongue?
Anti:
Writing lyrics in English definitely sets some language borders for
me. Estonian enables me to be more playful and creative. At the same
time Swarn’s music is very straightforward and rough, so the lyrics
must follow the course and reflect the overall aura given by the
instruments. It wouldn’t be appropriate to mate complicated
Shakespeare era poetry about cosmic horrors (which is the prominent
theme in Swarn’s songs) with aggressive crust death madness anyway.
Of course, I try to set the general idea first, to get the right
feeling for the words, even if they are not in my native language.
In
Langenu some lyrics are even in Seto, a South-East Estonian local
language spoken by about 10 000 people. It’s the language of
my ancestors, although I myself have learned most of it in my later
life. No one has attempted to write black metal lyrics in Seto
before, which makes it especially fascinating. It’s like exploring
the corners of the world for the very first time – you really don’t
have a clue about the things that wait you in the shadows. And you
don’t know where you would end up with it. So the process is as
exciting as the result.
Swarn
Vödkamizer:
Many of Estonia's older successful metal bands choose to sing in
their native tongue primarily if not exclusively and even choose
names from their language, some even using archaic words. Many of
these bands also seem to only care to play in local gigs and
festivals. Do you feel this is a major factor in Estonia's metal
scene remaining largely ignored by the international scene?
Anti:
I don’t think the choice of language can be the ultimate factor for
recognition. Metsatöll is a good example of a band singing only in
Estonian and being our most well-known band internationally. We can
see a similar situation elsewhere whether it is a trollish-sounding
Swedish of Finntroll or a harsh German of Rammstein. Sigur Rós
doesn’t even have to use a real language to be really popular.
Nowadays it’s easy to get at least general overview about the
meaning of lyrics with a help of translation apps.
The
other thing that you brought up – playing only at home – has more
important impact on the popularity. If a band wants to become more
well-known outside of the state borders, it’s crucial to give
concerts outside. For me personally this is the best way to get
contacts with the foreign local scenes. And it really pays off
emotionally because the metal people are very nice pretty much
everywhere…The other option for the band is to have a really good
virtual distributional and promotional network. In this case the
record labels can be very useful, as the example of Swarn shows –
we have performed only once (in Tartu) but our labels Redefining
Darkness and Raw Skull Recordz have done a wonderful job in spreading
the message of our music. They have done their work for years and
have developed an enormous and faithful network of metal fans and
organizers.
Of
course, we must keep in mind that some bands actually don’t really
wish to move further from the local reputation – and it’s totally
OK.
Vödkamizer:
You are quite active in general in expanding the Tartu metal scene's
presence inside and outside of Estonia and have had a hand in
organizing gigs with Estonian bands traveling to Baltic neighbors
Latvia, Lithuania, and Russia and helping bands from the former
countries as well as Finland and perhaps others I am unaware of. Has
this effort been fruitful and rewarding for you and the local scene
in your eyes and do you have any plans for this in the future when
the Covid-19 restrictions relax or end?
Anti:
I would definitely like to continue organizing gigs in Tartu and
elsewhere and invite foreign bands to play here. I am not very active
in this field and do maybe only one or two concerts with foreign acts
per year. This way I can focus on providing good conditions for the
bands (even if it means financial expenses) without exhausting myself
too much. This kind of work helps to create contacts among
like-minded people here, there and everywhere. In the long run it
will be beneficial for everyone. And I sincerely hope that the bands
who have played here in Tartu have fond memories of the place and its
crazy metalheads.
Right
now I wait until the virus world tour shows signs of end and then
decide what to do next. The bands and audience are hungry for gigs,
so there will be many concerts in the near future, I assure.
Vödkamizer:
Tartu's metal scene has a very incestuous relationship with itself in
a way, with the Pergerus bands often sharing overlapping members or
borrowing musicians as stand-ins for gigs and recording sessions.
What are your opinions on this situation and do you have any ideas
for solutions to this lack of musicians?
Anti:
One of the initial ideas of the Pergerus circle was to tighten the
connections between the like-minded musicians, so if needed, a
replacement for a project or a gig could be easily obtained. In that
sense Pergerus has paid off – many exciting ventures have been done
thanks to the crazy circus of these black metallers.
In
a long perspective, however, getting new people to the ranks is
crucial because otherwise the scene may simply drain nonexistent over
time. Old blood starts to rot sooner or later. As mentioned, the
times are quite good right now. Several young fanatics have joined
the scene and shown that they hold true to metal music and its
values.
Vödkamizer:
Do you have any advice or words of encouragement to younger musicians
in the scene for learning their instruments, forming a band/joining a
band, etc.?
Anti:
One of the key-words is persistence. Young bands may gain initial
success very quickly but sooner or later face setbacks (line-up
changes, creative differences and so on). In this phase many bands
don’t find inner strength or motivation to face the difficulties –
mostly because they are still very new – and as a result, perish.
My advice is that when such situation occurs, take your time and let
the emotions cool down a bit. After that it’s easier to look on the
situation and decide, what should be done next. It has helped me
several times to continue with my long lasting bands even after the
times of demotivation.
Vödkamizer:
We are coming to the end of our interview. Do you have any shout outs,
acknowledgements, or parting words for us?
Anti:
Metal has become a subculture with some very distinguished traits but
still allows to discover new areas. While the big acts exist to the
rules of common show business, the underground sphere of metal is
really adventurous and that’s precisely why I adore it. You can
always do things new way. Invent new formats for your creations, play
gigs in surprising locations and so on. I would compare making a
metal band with hiking. If your main aim is to get rich and famous
then it’s better to use the methods that many have used before –
record regularly, play in certain places (festivals, TV etc.), give
interviews to the most prominent media channels... And you should
always measure your current position from the standpoint of success.
But the whole thing is like driving on a highway – it is really
exciting if you are totally satisfied by the scenery provided by the
speedometer of your car.
Underground
metal is the opposite. You are free to go off-road, get beaten by
mud, rain and indifferent nature – and at the same time be amazed
by totally unexpected sights or hidden corners of the world. While
many would choose the highway, these small roads and tracks in the
forest would lead you to the unknown. What can be more charming than
that?
Thank
you for the cool questions, Vödkamizer!
Vödkamizer:
Huge thanks to Anti Lillak for taking the time to his insights and wisdom with the Drain of Thoughts!
Be sure to check out his bands!
Langenu:
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Langenu/
Music - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44xj5T7WtTc&ab_channel=Langenu
Ulguränd:
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Ulgurand
Music - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eumu4Spq8S4&ab_channel=Ulgur%C3%A4nd
Swarn:
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Swarncrust
Music - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kk827q3FDic&ab_channel=AtmosphericBlackMetalAlbums